Blumenthal M, ed. The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. Trans. S. Klein. Boston, MA: American Botanical Council, 1998.
Bucci LR, Hickson JF Jr, Wolinsky I, Pivarnik JM. Ornithine supplementation and insulin release in bodybuilders. Int J Sport Nutr 1992;2:287-91.
Fogelholm GM, Naveri HK, Kiilavuori KT, Harkonen MH. Low-dose amino acid supplementation: no effects on serum human growth hormone and insulin in male weightlifters. Int J Sport Nutr 1993;3:290-7.
Manufacturer: Twinlab. Ronkonkoma, NY.
Rees C, Oppong K, Mardini H, et al. Effect of L-Ornithine-L-Aspartate on patients with and without TIPS undergoing glutamine challenge: a double blind, placebo controlled trial. Gut 2000;47:571-4..
Elam, R. P., Hardin, D. H., Sutton, R. A., and Hagen, L. Effects of arginine and ornithine on strength, lean body mass and urinary hydroxyproline in adult males. J Sports Med.Phys.Fitness 1989;29(1):52-56.
O'Rourke, D. J., Ryan, S., Salomons, G., Jakobs, C., Monavari, A., and King, M. D. Guanidinoacetate methyltransferase (GAMT) deficiency: late onset of movement disorder and preserved expressive language. Dev.Med.Child Neurol. 2009;51(5):404-407.
Chen, M. F., Li, R. C., Chen, C. H., and Gao, X. C. [Therapeutic effect of L-ornithine-L-aspartate on liver cirrhosis complicated by hepatic encephalopathy]. Di Yi.Jun.Yi.Da.Xue.Xue.Bao. 2005;25(6):718-9, 722.
Stechmiller, J. K., Childress, B., and Cowan, L. Arginine supplementation and wound healing. Nutr.Clin.Pract. 2005;20(1):52-61.
Poo, J. L., Gongora, J., Sanchez-Avila, F., Aguilar-Castillo, S., Garcia-Ramos, G., Fernandez-Zertuche, M., Rodriguez-Fragoso, L., and Uribe, M. Efficacy of oral L-ornithine-L-aspartate in cirrhotic patients with hyperammonemic hepatic encephalopathy. Results of a randomized, lactulose-controlled study. Ann.Hepatol. 2006;5(4):281-288.
Jiang, Q., Jiang, X. H., Zheng, M. H., and Chen, Y. P. L-Ornithine-l-aspartate in the management of hepatic encephalopathy: a meta-analysis. J.Gastroenterol.Hepatol. 2009;24(1):9-14.
Ahmad, I., Khan, A. A., Alam, A., Dilshad, A., Butt, A. K., Shafqat, F., Malik, K., and Sarwar, S. L-ornithine-L-aspartate infusion efficacy in hepatic encephalopathy. J.Coll.Physicians Surg.Pak. 2008;18(11):684-687.
Sugino, T., Shirai, T., Kajimoto, Y., and Kajimoto, O. L-ornithine supplementation attenuates physical fatigue in healthy volunteers by modulating lipid and amino acid metabolism. Nutr.Res. 2008;28(11):738-743.
Acharya, S. K., Bhatia, V., Sreenivas, V., Khanal, S., and Panda, S. K. Efficacy of L-ornithine L-aspartate in acute liver failure: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Gastroenterology 2009;136(7):2159-2168.
Soarez, P. C., Oliveira, A. C., Padovan, J., Parise, E. R., and Ferraz, M. B. A critical analysis of studies assessing L-ornithine-L-aspartate (LOLA) in hepatic encephalopathy treatment. Arq Gastroenterol. 2009;46(3):241-247.
Sikorska, H., Cianciara, J., and Wiercinska-Drapalo, A. [Physiological functions of L-ornithine and L-aspartate in the body and the efficacy of administration of L-ornithine-L-aspartate in conditions of relative deficiency]. Pol.Merkur Lekarski. 2010;28(168):490-495.
Demura, S., Yamada, T., Yamaji, S., Komatsu, M., and Morishita, K. The effect of L-ornithine hydrochloride ingestion on performance during incremental exhaustive ergometer bicycle exercise and ammonia metabolism during and after exercise. Eur.J.Clin.Nutr. 2010;64(10):1166-1171.
Ong, J. P., Oehler, G., Kruger-Jansen, C., Lambert-Baumann, J., and Younossi, Z. M. Oral L-ornithine-L-aspartate improves health-related quality of life in cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy: an open-label, prospective, multicentre observational study. Clin.Drug Investig. 2011;31(4):213-220.
Liu, C. P. and Yu, Z. J. [Study on L-Ornithine-L-Aspartate in the treatment of acute-on-chronic liver failure]. Zhonghua Gan Zang.Bing.Za Zhi. 2011;19(1):63-64.
Ndraha, S., Hasan, I., and Simadibrata, M. The effect of L-ornithine L-aspartate and branch chain amino acids on encephalopathy and nutritional status in liver cirrhosis with malnutrition. Acta Med.Indones. 2011;43(1):18-22.
Demura, S., Morishita, K., Yamada, T., Yamaji, S., and Komatsu, M. Effect of L-ornithine hydrochloride ingestion on intermittent maximal anaerobic cycle ergometer performance and fatigue recovery after exercise. Eur.J.Appl.Physiol 2011;111(11):2837-2843.
Mittal, V. V., Sharma, B. C., Sharma, P., and Sarin, S. K. A randomized controlled trial comparing lactulose, probiotics, and L-ornithine L-aspartate in treatment of minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Eur.J.Gastroenterol.Hepatol. 2011;23(8):725-732.
Cynober, L., Coudray-Lucas, C., De Bandt, J. P., Guechot, J., Aussel, C., Salvucci, M., and Giboudeau, J. Action of ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate, ornithine hydrochloride, and calcium alpha-ketoglutarate on plasma amino acid and hormonal patterns in healthy subjects. J.Am.Coll.Nutr. 1990;9(1):2-12.
Hartung, H. D. [Amino acids prevent hepatic encephalopathy. Ornithine-aspartate in hyperammonemia--results of a study]. Fortschr.Med. 3-15-1989;107(8):56.
Elam, R. P. Morphological changes in adult males from resistance exercise and amino acid supplementation. J.Sports Med.Phys.Fitness 1988;28(1):35-39.
Hunold, W. [Clinical experiences in liver diseases (specially in patients with fatty liver due to alcoholism and food poisoning) under monotherapy with ornithine aspartate]. Z.Allgemeinmed. 4-10-1973;49(10):469-472.
Simell, O. and Perheentupa, J. Renal handling of diamino acids in lysinuric protein intolerance. J.Clin.Invest 1974;54(1):9-17.
Melzer, H., Weber, D., and Wotzka, R. [On the therapy of liver diseases with ornithine aspartate]. Med.Klin. 1969;64(35):1541-1544.
Staedt, U., Leweling, H., Gladisch, R., Kortsik, C., Hagmuller, E., and Holm, E. Effects of ornithine aspartate on plasma ammonia and plasma amino acids in patients with cirrhosis. A double-blind, randomized study using a four-fold crossover design. J.Hepatol. 1993;19(3):424-430.
Kircheis, G., Nilius, R., Held, C., Berndt, H., Buchner, M., Gortelmeyer, R., Hendricks, R., Kruger, B., Kuklinski, B., Meister, H., Otto, H. J., Rink, C., Rosch, W., and Stauch, S. Therapeutic efficacy of L-ornithine-L-aspartate infusions in patients with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy: results of a placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Hepatology 1997;25(6):1351-1360.
Stauch, S., Kircheis, G., Adler, G., Beckh, K., Ditschuneit, H., Gortelmeyer, R., Hendricks, R., Heuser, A., Karoff, C., Malfertheiner, P., Mayer, D., Rosch, W., and Steffens, J. Oral L-ornithine-L-aspartate therapy of chronic hepatic encephalopathy: results of a placebo-controlled double-blind study. J.Hepatol. 1998;28(5):856-864.
Holm E, Hess Y Leweling H Barth H-O Hagmuller E. Ornithine aspartate (OA) promotes amino acid (AA) retention in the peripheral tissues of patients with liver cirrhosis A double-blind randomized crossover study. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. 2000;15(1):368.
Feher J, Lang I Gogl A Varga L Varga L Tompos G Pronai L. Effect of ornithine-aspartate infusion on elevated serum ammonia concentration in cirrhotic patients - Results of a randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind multicentre trial. Medical Science Monitor. 1997;3(5):669-673.
Payne-James J, Grimble G Cahill E Silk D. Jejunal absorption of ornithine in man. Clin-Nutr. 1988;7:18.
Kircheis G, Metz M Frey S Seiller E. Correlation between pharmacokinetic aspects and clinical efficacy of L-ornithine-L-aspartate (OA): results of randomized, controlled clinical trials. Journal of Hepatology. 1996;25 (Suppl 1):S131.
Tsai B-H, Lee N-Y. Effect of arginine and ornithine supplementation on weightlifters' fat free mass and anaerobic power. Nutritional Sciences Journal. 1997;22(4):373-383.
Yuan, Wenming. Li Jing. Xu Lin. Zhang Mingming. Lu Zhenchan. Feng Shejun. Wang Ling. L-ornithine-L-aspartate for hepatic encephalopathy. Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2009;
Schmid M, Peck-Radosavljevic M König F Mittermaier C Gangl A Ferenci P. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of intravenous L-ornithine-L-aspartate on postural control in patients with cirrhosis. Liver Int. 2010;30(4):574-582.
Schmid M, Konig F Ferenci P Gang A Peck-Radosavljevic M. Prospective randomized pilot trial of i.v. l-ornithine-l-aspartate (LOLA) vs. placebo on postural control in patients with cirrhosis. Journal of Hepatology. 2008;48(Suppl 2):S12.
Abid S, Mumtaz K Abbas Z Hamid S Jafri N Ali Shah H Jafri W. Efficacy of infusion of L-ornithine L-aspartate in cirrhotic patients with portosystemic encephalopathy: a placebo controlled study. Journal of Hepatology. 2005;42 (Supp 2):84.
Nilius R, Kirecheis G. Improvement of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in cirrhotic patients by treatment with L-ornithine-L-aspartate (OA) infusion concentrate Results of a placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Journal of Hepatology. 1992;16 (Supp 1)(S39)
Hong Y, Yang ZB Wang YF. Clinical Control Study of L-ornithine-L-aspartate in the Treatment of Subclinical Hepatic Encephalopathy. West China Medical Journal. 2003;18(4):509-510.
Stauch S, Rosch W. Effects of L-ornithine-L-aspartate granulate on hyperammonemia in cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy (HE). A placebo-controlled double-blind study. Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie. 1992;30(4):300-301.
Fleig WE, Kircheis G Spengler U Zeuzem ST Gortelmeyer. Placebo-controlled, double-blind evaluation of L-ornithine-L-aspartate (LOLA) granules in patients with cirrhosis and subclinical (SHE) or mild overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Journal of Hepatology. 1999;30(1):65.
Poo JL, Gongora J Sanchez-Avila JF Aguilar-Castillo S Garcia Ramos G Fernandez-Zertuche M Rodriguez-Fragoso L Uribe M. Efficacy and safety of L-ornithine-L-aspartate (LOLA) administration. Open label randomized controlled trial versus lactulose in cirrhotic patients with hyperammonemic hepatic encephalopathy. Journal of Hepatology. 2007;46(4 (Suppl 1)):S36.
Anon. Therapeutic efficacy of oral L-ornithine-L-aspartate on minimal encephalopathy. EBM Reviews - Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. 2008;ClinicalTrials.gov
Lang I, Feher J Gogl A Varga L Varga L Pronai L Werling K. Ammonia-lowering effect of ornithine-aspartate infusion in cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy. Gut. 1994;35 (Suppl 4):A158.
Kuttig H. Ornithine aspartate improves toleration of large-volume abdominal radiotherapy. Cochrane Central Register of Controlled TrialsTHERAPIEWOCHE. 1983;33(25):3495-3511.
Rees C, Oppong K Al-Mardini H Hudson M Rose J Record C. The effect of L-Ornithine-L-asparate on tips patients undergoing glutamine challenge. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 1996;8(Suppl 5):A1.
Reynolds N, Downie S Smith K Kircheis G Rennie MJ. Treatment with L-ornithine-L-aspartate (LOLA) infusion restores muscle protein synthesis responsiveness to feeding in patients with cirrhosis. Journal of Hepatology. 1999;30(Suppl 1):65.
Rees CJ, Oppong K Al-Mardini H Hudson M Rose J. The effect of L-ornithine-L-aspartate on TIPS patients undergoing glutamine challenge. Advances in hepatic encephalopathy & metabolism in liver disease. 1997;56:407-411.
Kawada H. Clinical efficacy of ornithine aspartate for chronic liver injury accompanied by hyperammonemia: a double-blind study. The Japanese Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. 1979;56(4):1294-1306.
Neki NS, Batra KS Talwar AS Sharma RK Sharma N Multani LS. A comparative study of silymarin and l-ornithine - l-asparate in the treatment of viral hepatitis. The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India. 2000;
Hol JW, van Lier F, Valk M, Klimek M, Stolker RJ, Fekkes D. Effect of major and minor surgery on plasma levls of arginine, citrulline, nitric oxide metabolites, and ornithine in humans. Ann Surg 2013;258(6):1072-8.
Horiuchi M, Kanesada H, Miyata T, et al. Ornithine ingestion improved sleep disturbances but was not associated with correction of blood tryptophan ratio in Japanese Antarctica expedition members during summer. Nutr Res 2013;33(7):557-64.
Miyake M, Kirisako T, Kokubo T, et al. Randomised controlled trial of the effects of L-ornithine on stress markers and sleep quality in healthy workers. Nutr J 2014;13:53.
Zajac A, Poprzecki S, Zebrowska A, Chalimoniuk M, Langfort J. Arginine and ornithine supplementation increases growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 serum levels after heavy-resistance exercise in strength-trained athletes. J Strength Cond Res 2010;24(4):1082-90.
Ito N, Seki S, Ueda F. Effects of Composite Supplement Containing Collagen Peptide and Ornithine on Skin Conditions and Plasma IGF-1 Levels-A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Mar Drugs. 2018;16(12). pii: E482.
Fukuda T, Haraguchi A, Takahashi M, et al. A randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled crossover trial on the effect of l-ornithine ingestion on the human circadian clock. Chronobiol Int 2018;35(10):1445-55.
Shynkevych VI, Kolomiiets SV, Kaidashev IP. Effects of l-arginine and l-ornithine supplementations on the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A preliminary randomized short-term clinical trial. Heliyon. 2021;7(11):e08353.
Takakura M, Nagamachi S, Nishigawa T, Takahashi Y, Furuse M. Supplementation of L-Ornithine Could Increase Sleep-like Behavior in the Mouse Pups. Metabolites 2022;12(12):1241.
Taniguchi E, Hattori A, Kurogi K, et al. Temporal patterns of increased growth hormone secretion in mice after oral administration of L-ornithine: possible involvement of ghrelin receptors. J Vet Med Sci 2022;84(9):1283-1287.
Miura N, Morishita K, Yasuda T, Akiduki S, Matsumoto H. Subchronic tolerance trials of graded oral supplementation with ornithine hydrochloride or citrulline in healthy adults. Amino Acids 2023;55(3):299-311.
Select a condition to view a list of vitamins
CONDITIONS OF USE AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This information is meant to supplement, not replace advice from your doctor or healthcare provider and is not meant to cover all possible uses, precautions, interactions or adverse effects. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. Never delay or disregard seeking professional medical advice from your doctor or other qualified health care provider because of something you have read on WebMD. You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you.
This copyrighted material is licensed from Therapeutic Research Center, LLC. Information from this source is evidence-based and objective, and without commercial influence. For professional medical information on natural medicines, see Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Professional Version.
Licensed from Therapeutic Research Center, LLC
Copyright © 1995-2025 by Therapeutic Research Center, LLC. All Rights Reserved.