The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
Chevallier A. Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants. New York, NY: DK Publishing, 1996.
Sato Y, Oketani H, Singyouchi K, et al. Extraction and purification of effective antimicrobial constituents of Terminalia chebula RETS. against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Biol Pharm Bull 1997;20:401-4.
Yukawa TA, Kurokawa M, Sato H, et al. Prophylactic treatment of cytomegalovirus infection with traditional herbs. Antiviral Res 1996;32:63-70.
Suthienkul O, Miyazaki O, Chulasiri M, et al. Retroviral reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity in Thai herbs and spices: screening with Moloney murine leukemia viral enzyme. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1993;24:751-5.
Kurokawa M, Nagasaka K, Hirabayashi T, et al. Efficacy of traditional herbal medicines in combination with acyclovir against herpes simplex virus type 1 infection in vitro and in vivo. Antiviral Res 1995;27:19-37.
Jagtap AG, Karkera SG. Potential of the aqueous extract of Terminalia chebula as an anticaries agent. J Ethnopharmacol 1999;68:299-306.
Phadke SA, Kulkarni SD. Screening of in vitro antibacterial activity of Terminalia chebula, Eclapta alba and Ocimum sanctum. Indian J Med Sci 1989;43:113-7.
Hamada S, Kataoka T, Woo JT, et al. Immunosuppressive effects of gallic acid and chebulagic acid on CTL-mediated cytotoxicity. Biol Pharm Bull 1997;20:1017-9.
Shaila HP, Udupa SL, Udupa AL. Hypolipidemic activity of three indigenous drugs in experimentally induced atherosclerosis. Int J Cardiol 1998;67:119-214.
el-Mekkawy S, Meselhy MR, Kusumoto IT, et al. Inhibitory effects of Egyptian folk medicines on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1995;43:641-8.
Thakur CP, Thakur B, Singh S, et al. The Ayurvedic medicines Haritaki, Amala and Bahira reduce cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis in rabbits. Int J Cardiol 1988;21:167-75.
Sabu, M. C. and Kuttan, R. Anti-diabetic activity of medicinal plants and its relationship with their antioxidant property. J Ethnopharmacol. 2002;81(2):155-160.
Murali, Y. K., Anand, P., Tandon, V., Singh, R., Chandra, R., and Murthy, P. S. Long-term effects of Terminalia chebula Retz. on hyperglycemia and associated hyperlipidemia, tissue glycogen content and in vitro release of insulin in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Exp.Clin Endocrinol.Diabetes 2007;115(10):641-646.
Patel, R. K., Gondaliya, D. P., and Subramanian, S. Evaluation of commercial "Haradae" (Terminalia chebula). Indian Journal of Natural Products (India) 2004;19:511-518.
Senthilkumar, G. P. and Subramanian, S. Evaluation of antioxidant potential of Terminalia chebula fruits studies in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Pharmaceutical Biology (Netherlands) 2007;45:511-518.
Aneja KR, Sharma C, Joshi R. Antimicrobial activity of Terminalia arjuna Wight & Arn.: an ethnomedicinal plant against pathogens causing ear infection. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2012;78(1):68-74.
Shokoohi R, Kianbakht S, Faramarzi M, Rahmanian M, Nabati F, Mehrzadi S, Huseini HF. Effects of an herbal combination on glycemic control and lipid profile in diabetic women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J evid Baed Complementary Altern Med. 2017 Oct;22(4):798-804.
Karlapudi V, Prasad Mungara AVV, Sengupta K, Davis BA, Rachaudhuri SP. A placebo-controlled double-blind study demonstrates the clinical efficacy of a novel herbal formulation for relieving joint discomfort in human subjects with osteoarthritis of knee. J Med Food. 2018 May;21(5):511-520.
Wu G, Dong Z, Dong J, et al. Effects of mongolian medicine Terminalia chebula Retz. on 6 CYP450 enzymes in rats. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2020;13(12):3128-3138.
Pingali U, Sukumaran D, Nutalapati C. Effect of an aqueous extract of Terminalia chebula on endothelial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study. Phytother Res 2020;34(12):3226-3235.
Donato F, Raffetti E, Toninelli G, Festa A, Scarcella C, Castellano M; TRIGU Project Working Group. Guggulu and Triphala for the Treatment of Hypercholesterolaemia: A Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Randomised Trial. Complement Med Res 2021;28(3):216-225.
Mani V, Sajid S, Rabbani SI, Alqasir AS, Alharbi HA, Alshumaym A. Anxiolytic-like and antidepressant-like effects of ethanol extract of Terminalia chebula in mice. J Tradit Complement Med 2021;11(6):493-502.
Banazadeh M, Mehrabani M, Banazadeh N, Dabaghzadeh F, Shahabi F. Evaluating the effect of black myrobalan on cognitive, positive, and negative symptoms in patients with chronic schizophrenia: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Phytother Res 2022;36(1):543-550.
Das A, Naveen J, Sreerama YN, Gnanesh Kumar BS, Baskaran V. Low-glycemic foods with wheat, barley and herbs (Terminalia chebula, Terminalia bellerica and Emblica officinalis) inhibit a-amylase, a-glucosidase and DPP-IV activity in high fat and low dose streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. J Food Sci Technol 2022;59(6):2177-2188.
Eltimamy M, Elshamarka M, Aboelsaad M, Sayed M, Moawad H. Effects of alcoholic extract of Terminalia Chebula dried fruit on blood biochemical profile in diabetic rats. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2022;21(1):159-170.
Kwandee P, Somnuk S, Wanikorn B, Nakphaichit M, Tunsagool P. Efficacy of Triphala extracts on the changes of obese fecal microbiome and metabolome in the human gut model. J Tradit Complement Med 2023;13(2):207-217.
Haghani M, Jafari M, Meftahi GH, et al. Analgesic effects of Terminalia chebula extract are mediated by the suppression of the protein expression of nerve growth factor and nuclear factor-?B in the brain and oxidative markers following neuropathic pain in rats. Mol Biol Rep 2022;49(11):10457-10467.
Agrawal OD, Kulkarni YA. Treatment with Terminalia chebula extract reduces insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and improves SIRT1 expression in type 2 diabetic rats. Life (Basel) 2023;13(5):1168.
Chakkalakal M, Pan A, Nadora D, et al. Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled supplementation with standardized Terminalia chebula fruit extracts reduces facial sebum excretion, erythema, and wrinkle severity. J Clin Med 2023;12(4):1591.
Yao G, Miao X, Wu M, et al. Pharmacokinetics of active compounds of a Terminalia chebula Retz. Ethanolic extract after oral administration rats using UPLC-MS/MS. Front Pharmacol 2023;14:1067089.
Tasneem Parapur S, Husain N, Khalid M, Mamdapur SAR, Kauser Khan KA. Evaluation of the efficacy of topical Terminalia chebula Retz. with vinegar in the treatment of tinea corporis: a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2023.